This is fantastic image which illustrates the wide range of gas dynamics that occur during a rapid expansion of a gas. In this particular image the Mach disk is visible as a vertical line located just to the right of center. From the perspective of fluid dynamics, after the Mach disk the behavior of a gas can become highly turbulent (observed as the swirling formations in the image). Also of interest is the relative speed and temperature of the particles immediately preceding and following the Mach disk. Prior to the Mach disk, the Mach number of the system ais much greater than 1 and subsonic following the disk. With respect to temperature, the region following the Mach disk is characterized by a rapid increase in temperature.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_diamond
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